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        | 2. Key processes | 
      
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        | 2.1 Critical thinking and enquiry | 
          
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                | a: | Engaging with and reflecting on different ideas, opinions, beliefs and values when exploring topical and controversial issues and problems. |  
                | b: | Researching, planning and undertaking enquiries into issues and problems, using a range of information and sources. |  
                | c: | Analysing and evaluating sources used, questioning different values, ideas and viewpoints and recognising bias. |  
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                | 2.2 Advocacy and representation |  
                | a: | Expressing and explaining their own opinions to others through discussions, formal debates and voting. |  
                | b: | Communicating an argument, taking account of different viewpoints and drawing on what they have learnt through research, action and debate. |  
                | c: | Justifying their argument, giving reasons to try to persuade others to think again, change or support them. |  
                | d: | Representing the views of others, with which they may or may not agree. |  
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                | 3. Range and content |  
                | a: | Political, legal and human rights, and responsibilities of citizens. |  
                | b: | The roles of the law and the justice system and how they relate to young people. |  
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                | 4. Curriculum opportunities |  
                | a: | Debating, in groups and whole-class discussions, topical and controversial issues, including those of concern to young people. |  
                | b: | Developing citizenship knowledge and understanding while using and applying citizenship skills. |  
                | c: | Working individually and in groups, taking on different roles and responsibilities. |  
                | g: | Taking into account legal, moral, economic, environmental, historical and social dimensions of different political problems and issues. 
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